The Impact of Learning and Development Strategies on Workforce Productivity in Human Resource Management
Keywords:
Learning and Development; Workforce Productivity; Human Resource Management; Employee Engagement; Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
This study aims to systematically examine the impact of Learning and Development (L&D) strategies on workforce productivity within modern Human Resource Management (HRM). The study employs a systematic literature review approach guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework. Data were collected from national and international scholarly articles published between 2020 and 2025 and indexed in Google Scholar, Scopus, ProQuest, and Elsevier databases. Through a multi-stage screening process, 45 articles met the inclusion criteria and were selected for further analysis. The findings indicate that well-structured L&D strategies have a positive effect on skill enhancement, employee engagement, and workforce productivity. Employee engagement was identified as a key mediating factor that strengthens the relationship between L&D and work productivity. Furthermore, the utilization of digital technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and HR Analytics plays a significant role in enhancing the effectiveness of L&D programs through personalized learning and data-driven performance evaluation. This study contributes theoretically by enriching the HRM literature on the strategic role of L&D in improving workforce productivity. Practically, the findings serve as a reference for practitioners and policymakers in designing adaptive, technology-driven, and sustainable human resource development strategies.
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